A Report By Mother Jones Reporter Shane Bauer Essay

A June 2016 report by Mother Jones reporter Shane Bauer, who worked as a prison guard for four months to research his article, says that one fifth of prison inmates have been physically assaulted by another prisoner or a guard. Between 3% and 9% of male inmates say they have been sexually assaulted behind bars suggesting that up to 180,000 current inmates may have been sexually assaulted of which only 8,800 cases have been officially reported. Women, who form 7% of the total prison population, have higher figures for sexual victimization. Some 22% of all cases of inmate-on-inmate and 33% of staff-on-inmate sexual assaults are on women (Bauer, 2016). Until the early 1970s, the sentencing of crime convicts was based on the principle of rehabilitation of juvenile and adult offenders. Legislatures set maximum authorized sentences for various types of crimes and judges decided on the prison term or probation or fines. Correctional officials and parole boards had the powers to reduce the t ime served for good behavior and release prisoners early. In the 1980s and 1990s, the emphasis shifted to deterrence by imposing mandatory minimum sentences for certain types of crime, heavier sentences for habitual offenders and the â€Å"three-strike† rule for felony convictions. Public opinion supported these changes in the belief that prison terms were just retribution for crimes and incarceration kept criminals off the streets (Mackenzie, 2001). These changes have led to the USShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEditorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: B ecca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art Director: Kenny Beck TextRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesLevels What are the skill implications of this vast spread of technology? For one, employees’ job skill requirements will increase.15 Workers will need the ability to read and comprehend software and hardware manuals, technical journals, and detailed reports. Another implication is that technology tends to level the competitive playing field.16 It provides organizations, no matter their size or market power, with the ability to innovate, bring products to market rapidly, and respond to customer requests

Reconstruction During The Civil War Essay - 1676 Words

Reconstruction The United States went through many changes after the Civil War and during the Reconstruction period of 1866-1877. Before Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on December, 1863, by John Wilkes, Lincoln announced the first Reconstruction plan a year before the Civil War had ended and Lincoln offered general amnesty to white southerners who would pledge an oath of loyalty to the government and accept the abolition of slavery. During the summer of 1865, Johnson not long after he took office had revealed his plan for Reconstruction or as he preferred to call it â€Å"Restoration,† which reflected both his staunch Unionism and his firm belief in states’ rights. He offered some form of amnesty to Southerners who would take the oath of allegiance. In 1865 and 1866, under the administration of President Andrew Johnson new southern state legislatures passed restrictive â€Å"black codes† to control the labor and behavior of former slaves and other African Americans. North outraged over these codes eroded support which led to the triumph of the more radical wing of the Republican Party and the approach known as Presidential Reconstruction. During Radical Reconstruction which began in 1866, and for the first time in American history, blacks gained a voice in government and they won elections to southern state legislatures and even to the U.S. Congress. In less than a decade, however, reactionary forces–including the Ku Klux Klan–would reverse the changes wrought by RadicalShow MoreRelatedReconstruction Of Reconstruction During The Civil War883 Words   |  4 Pages Describe and analyze Reconstruction. Did Reconstruction have any successes? The end of civil war in the United States of America brought about many problems, in particular for the South. Some of the problems were political, economic decay and social disorder. The war destroyed the plantations and crops thus causing many to starve to death while others became homeless. The reconstruction became the only hope for the people. Radical reconstruction began in 1867, which enabled the freed black menRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War966 Words   |  4 Pages Reconstruction is a time period after the Civil War ended in 1877. We view it as something that resembles a transformation, shifts in the southern U.S. after the Civil War. This was when slavery inequality, some political, economic, and social issues were, in some ways, balanced. The categories of issues that arose throughout this â€Å"restoration† were aspects such as involving the Confederacy into the Union, abolishing along with figuring out what to do with our free blacks, and addressing conflictRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War972 Words   |  4 PagesThere was a transformation period after the Civil War called the reconstruction during the years 1863 to 1877. The reconstruction was the rebuilding of the United States, mainly in the South. There were three major types of reconstruction, which were political, physical, and social. The political reconstruction allowed some African Americans to vote; however, they had to be literate in order to take the Oath tes t. Not many African Americans knew how to read and write, because they were slaves andRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War1487 Words   |  6 PagesReconstruction was the period when America was figuring out on issues pertaining to who was an American, what rights an American should enjoy and what rights other Americans were exercising. The post bellum period was a period after the civil war that had affected the United States of America. This conflict had mostly taken place in the south and therefore the people there were the for the most part affected by this warfare. After the civil war, racism was still a threat and a struggle for the nationRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War864 Words   |  4 PagesIn hindsight it is sometimes claimed that Reconstruction was a failure. Although there was some good that came out of the Reconstruction it was mostly just a relentless uphill battle against Southerners and immoral politicians that were here to delay change and kee p racism alive. Reconstruction brought the Ku Klux Klan who displayed great resistance, and poverty that swept the South once the blacks were freed. The freedom of these black slaves led to discriminatory legislatures such as the BlackRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War1892 Words   |  8 PagesReconstruction Over the course of America’s existence, it has acquired many successes and failures. Over time there have been a large number of accomplishments that have made the world a greater good, but there have also been phases of turmoil and tragedy. The Reconstruction period after the Civil War is a prime example of a complete failure. The Reconstruction period consisted of many goals and ideas that Americans planned to achieve in their country after being torn apart from the Civil War.Read MoreEducation During Reconstruction During The Civil War918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Education during Reconstruction† In the south before during and after the reconstruction was a time for educational growth. Many states were just beginning to provide public education. The education system was trialed and errored to become the system that we know today during this era. The civil war brought separation of races but also families, the radical republicans stressed education during the reconstruction to avert the attention of the people from the war and racial issues. BeforeRead MoreThe Reconstruction Era During The Civil War1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe Reconstruction Era beginning in 1865 marked the period where white men and recently freed African Americans quarreled over the concept of equality on the basis of race as well as where freedom extended to. After the Civil War, there was a power struggle between the Republican and Democratic parties as they had extremely distinct ideas on whether African Americans should be free and hold citizen rights. African Americans were able to achieve citizenship as well as have equality through the 14thRead MoreThe Era Of Reconstruction During The Civil War1630 Words   |  7 Pageswas imposed by the white people. This contradiction is emblematic of the African-American experience. The era of reconstruction was a short-term success, a medium-term failure, and a foundation for the long-term successes of the civil rights movement in terms of black freedom. The era of reconstruction exposed the radical limits of freedom for natural born citizens in the post-civil war United States. The idea of freedom changed in a tremendous way for the blacks. I would like to begin by askingRead MoreThe Legacy Of Reconstruction During The Civil War Essay1254 Words   |  6 Pageshistory. These â€Å"revolutionary movements† have created lasting impressions on the United States that helped mold the nation that it is today. One such movement was Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time in America consisting of reuniting the country and pulling it from the economic catastrophe that stemmed from the Civil War. The reconstruction era had dealt with three separate plans: the Lincoln Plan, the Johnson Plan and the congressional Plan. These plans, each with their own unique way of unifying

Comparison Between Pop Music and Classical Music Essay Example For Students

Comparison Between Pop Music and Classical Music Essay Classical Music versus Pop Music Classical music and popular music are both genres of music that have been in existence for a long time and listened to by the entire populace. Classical music is more complex and appeals to the older population while pop music appeals to the younger population. There are benefits associated with classical music and it is of general opinion that it requires more attention to details than pop music because of its complexity. It is a known fact that music is a form of art whose medium is sound. Its common elements are pitch, rhythm, and dynamics. Music helps in soothing ones disturbed soul and helps us to live life to the fullest; therefore, the aim of music is to touch the core of the heart. Classical music and pop music are two of the many different genres of music. Classical music is composed by some of the most brilliant minds in the world. The overall impression of classical music is that it is light, airy, elegant, and well thought out. It is music in which reason prevails over feeling. Composers thought more about creating beautiful and interesting works of music than pouring out their personal feeling in their music. Classical period is between 1750 and 1820. This type of music includes opera, chamber music, coral pieces, and music requiring a full orchestra. It is a music rooted in the traditions of western art. Notable of mentioning is Mozart who was considered a musical prodigy and wrote music of highest quality among which is symphony No. 40 in g minor. (Music Listening Today, Charles Hoffer) On the other hand, pop music which evolved out of rock and roll was introduced in the mid 1950’s is modern day music. It is usually understood to be commercially recorded music that is often oriented towards a youth market. www. anstendig. org) Since 1950, pop music has been identified as the music that is accessible to the wildest audience and is often mostly played on the radio. It is often regarded as street music and the artist’s success is based on the market. Unlike classical music, pop music does not require much education and training. It is not usually written, performed, and recor ded as a symphony or concerto. The basic form for pop music is the song, which usually consists of verse and repeated chorus. (www. about. com/od/popmusic). However, classical music is a complex form of music, which requires high musical skills, and ability to coordinate with other musicians. The performance of classical music demands a significant level of technical mastery on the part of the musician, thorough understanding of tonal and harmonic principles, hence one has to go through proper training before learning this type of music. Today classical music has an elite patronage whereas pop music has more universal appeal. Usually classical music is often perceived as opulent, only appreciated by the upper class. Classical music mostly features in pop music forming background music for movies, television program, and advertisement. Because of this, many people unknowingly regularly listen to classical music. The appeal of pop music lies in its simple, energetic rhythm, appealing vocal lines, and its symbolic association with the plight of the underprivileged whereas classical music is a complex form of music requiring musical skills like learning the ragas and ability to coordinate with other musicians while maintaining the complex relationship between its emotional flows. (www. buzzle. com). Both classical and pop music in recent times have experimented with electronic instruments such as the synthesizer, electric and digital technique which is the use of computer-generated sounds. In addition, both categories of musicians use the same notes, meters, pitches, and harmonies. Well-known musicians of classical music are Beethoven and George Gershwin while some popular artists of pop music are Britney spears, the beetles, the rolling stone, Abba, and the legendary pop music star Michael Jackson. It is widely known that classical music is beneficial as it reduces stress and anxiety. .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .postImageUrl , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:hover , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:visited , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:active { border:0!important; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:active , .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519 .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b0d0ffcd902453a1927ca3c1677f519:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Call Of The Wild EssayAlso early training in children helps develop brain area involved in language and reasoning (www. classicsforkids. com). Generally, music is known to perform many unimaginable wonders because of its healing ability. It helps in forgetting the stressful life events and put one in a positive state of mind therefore both music are beneficial to us. (Ezinearticles. com/expert=Raymond Edeh) Works Cited Hoffer, Charles. â€Å"Music Listening Today. † Clark Baxter (Canada) 2009. www. anstendig. org www. about. com/od/popmusic www. buzzle. com www. classicsforkids. com Ezinearticles. com/expert=Raymond Edeh.

The Road to Freedom Essay Example

The Road to Freedom Essay Antoine de Saint-Exupury, a 20th century French writer, said that he [knew] but one freedom and that is the freedom of the mind. Similarly, Frederick Douglass also considers knowledge as the gateway to liberation. Douglass was born into slavery on a Maryland plantation in the early 1800s. Through his personal experiences he details how knowledge is important, although not purely enough, for the freedom and self-realization of man. Douglass feels strongly about the issue of knowledge acquisition because of his circumstances in his own life. Growing up, he knew very little about his own existence. A want of information concerning [his past] was a source of unhappiness. (Douglass 15) His ignorance was a strategic move on the part of the masters since they suppress the slaves intelligence so that whites would have the upper hand. Douglass strived to learn to read because literacy would enable him to become a man. But what is manhood? Douglass defines his manhood through his education and freedom. The white mans power to enslave the black man, (42) was through both mental and physical enslavement. Becoming literate was the pathway from slavery to freedom. (42) This is Douglass definition because it would give him the mental freedom that would then earn him his physical freedom from the bonds of slavery. Manhood is more than just being a male, it is being able to think and act for oneself, actions slaves were barred from. We will write a custom essay sample on The Road to Freedom specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Road to Freedom specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Road to Freedom specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer On his quest to become literate, Frederick Douglass learns to read with the help of his masters wife, Mrs. Auld, into teaching him how to read. This soon stops because it was unlawful, as well as unsafe, to teach a slave to read[and] he would at once become unmanageable, and of no value to his master. (42) Douglass, however, never gave up his quest to become literate. Having already learned the alphabet, he tricked some white kids into giving him reading lessons. Finally, Frederick Douglass achieved the freedom he had always wanted. This joy was short lived however. Learning to read had been a curse rather than a blessing. (48) Douglass began to feel isolated since he learned the truth about the unfixable conditions of slavery that he was formerly ignorant to. He now resented the ignorance of other slaves because they were not haunted by thoughts of slavery like Douglass was. He was also wary of whites because they posed a threat to his independence since they could take advantage of him like they had before with other slaves. However, he had successfully achieved mental emancipation and was now able to speak, read, and write the same language as slave owners, allowing him to formulate his own ideas and opinions that helped him to engage in debates. (48) This, however, was only halfway to attaining true freedom. He had to then utilize his newly gained knowledge to work for physical freedom as well. Literacy itself is not enough to become free. While he is living on the farm of Thomas Auld, a man destitute of every element of character commanding respect, (57) Douglass finally earns his manhood. Douglass has a run in with the nigger-breaker (60) Edward Covey and they physically battle for two grueling hours. Douglass could no longer be treated like an animal so he asserted himself and achieved his physical freedom with his victory. Covey never laid the weight of his finger upon [Douglass] again. (72) This battle was extremely important because it rekindled the few embers of freedom and revived [his] sense ofmanhood (72) and gave him more inspiration to break his bonds of slavery. Eventually, the event gives him the courage needed to run away from his slave owners and escape from slavery. (92) Finally, Frederick Douglass ran away to New York and ultimately earned his freedom. For Douglass, freedom was more than who controlled a person, but more so who controlled the persons soul. After the fight, he was stronger and more det ermined than ever to regain his soul and find his way further North, away from his demeaning masters. Douglass Narrative of the Life of an American Slave raised issues regarding public education in a democratic society. First of all, who should receive public school? During Douglass time, blacks were not provided the chance to earn an education because blacks were not seen as equals and consequently didnt deserve an education. This is not fair in a a democratic society since everyone should be afforded the same opportunities. Also, it raises the question of how to educate in schools. Since becoming literate is not the only step towards ones independence, a students physical freedom has to also be considered. This is the same concept that Maria Montessori described. No one can be free unless he is independent (Montessori 140) and this is part of education. (140) Also, Montessori wrote that education shall help him to diminishthe social bonds, which limit his activity. Frederick Douglass is a great example of defeating social conventions like slavery to earn his liberation. The first step towards freedom and independce was knowledge and then being physically free. Being both physically and mentally independent gave Douglass control over his soul and gave him the courage to escape to New York. Douglass Narrative of the Life of an American Slave demonstrates how mental freedom is not enough for the freedom and self-realization of man and it also raised questions about public education in a democratic society.